半波长管传声损失分析*

1/4波长管和Herschel-Quincke(HQ)管具有良好消声潜力,在其固有频率附近具有很高的消声量级,为了将这种消声潜力在更小的安装空间内和更宽的频带上发挥出来,设计了一种新的半波长管,通过对多管传声损失理论模型的推导,运用数值计算的方法,分析了传声损失的影响因素并对多分支管模型进行宽频带尺寸设计,最终实现在350～1350 Hz的宽频带的消声效果,并且通过实验验证了理论模型,同时利用实验数据对管端进行修正,结果证实了理论是正确的。所设计的多分支半波长管可以在复杂的应用场景进行灵活的结构设计,所以在航空发动机降噪、汽车尾气降噪和工厂排气降噪等领域具有更好的适应性和良好的应用前景。     

铝粉点火微观机理的光谱研究

 铝粉是一种含能高的材料，它被广泛地添加到含能材料中。利用3台单色谱仪和OMA谱仪等多种谱仪技术，研究了铝粉在几种不同环境下的快速反应微观特性。研究表明：铝粉冲击波点火的临界条件和铝粉的物理状态相关。微米铝粉点火的临界温度为2 100 K，它接近Al₂O₃的熔化温度。它表明，在空气中容易氧化的微米铝粉点火，必须使铝粉表面的氧化层熔化。在气相反应中，微米铝粉和氧的反应是主要的；和水的反应是次要的。减小微米铝粉的颗粒尺寸，可以明显提高快速反应温度。 含铝复合燃料中的液体燃料反应后的铝粉才能参与反应；铝粉添加至气相反应介质后将明显提高反应温度。     

液晶器件相位调制特性研究

利用2×2琼斯矩阵方法,理论上分析了不同液晶排列的透射型与反射型液晶器件的相位调制特性.在光强透过率变化小于10%的条件下,得出了两种类型器件的纯相位调制范围.     

Numerical Simulation on the Production Mechanism of Surface-Wave Plasmas Sustained along a Metal Rod

For interpreting the production mechanism of surface-wave plasmas sustained along a metal rod, electromagnetic simulation on the electromagnetic field distributions and particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision （PIC/MCC） simulation of the ionization process are present. The results show that the enhanced electric field of surface plasmon polaritons （SPPs） can be excited in the ion sheath layer between the negative-voltage metal rod and the surface-wave plasmas, which is responsible for maintaining the plasma discharge. Moreover, the spatio-temporal evolutions of plasma density and electric fields are simulated by the PIC/MCC model. It is further suggested that the expanded ion sheath layer can extend the length of plasma domain by increasing the plasma absorbed energy from SPPs.     

Properties of Heat Generation in a Double Quantum Dot

We investigate the electronic-current-induced heat generation in a double quantum dot connected by two normal leads. The dots are coupled in series with a coupling strength td. It is found that, at zero temperature and weak dot-lead coupling, td affects the heating and current heavily. In particular, the effects on the heat generation and on the current are quite different. For example, at a heating valley the current can exhibit a deep valley, a plateau, or a high peak depending on td. As a result, we can find an ideal working condition, large current while small heating, for the double dots system by tuning the interdot coupling strength.     

微波溶解-原子吸收法测定白云石中的铁

本文采用微波溶解样品,火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定云石中的铁,由试样分解产物钙盐自行消除硅的干扰,该方法简便快速,相对标准偏差小于１．０４％,测定结果令人满意。     

9.7GHz高频窄带高温超导滤波器设计

本文设计了一种高频窄带高温超导微带滤波器,使用Sapphire基片上的双面YBCO高温超导薄膜,中心频率约为9.7GHz,相对带宽约为1.2%.电磁分析软件Sonnet的设计结果表明,滤波器带外抑制超过90dB,带内波纹小于0.12dB,基片尺寸为32.74mm×8.72mm.     

Determination of the calcium species in coal chars by Ca K-edge XANES analysis

Ca-based additives have been widely used as a sulfur adsorbent during coal pyrolysis and gasification. The Ca speciation and evolution during the pyrolysis of coal with Ca additives have attracted great attention. In this paper, Ca species in the coal chars prepared from the pyrolysis of Ca(OH)2 or CaCO3-added coals are studied by using Ca K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structural spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that Ca(OH)2 , CaSO4 , CaS and CaO coexist in the Ca(OH)2-added chars, while Ca(OH)2 and CaSO4 are the main species in the Ca(OH)2-added chars. Besides, a carboxyl-bound Ca is also formed during both the pyrolysis for the Ca(OH)2-added and the CaCO3-added coals. A detailed discussion about the Ca speciation is given.     

热泵热水器变工况性能的无量纲对比态分析法

本文介绍一种热泵热水器性能的无量纲对比态分析法,该方法采用不同工况的热泵热水器性能参数与标准设计工况的参数对比的无量纲参数来描述实际工况性能。分别导出了理论和实际的描述热泵热水器变工况性能的无量纲表达式,给出了环境气温从-5～40℃,进水温度从5～30℃的无量纲性能曲线,以及两种型号的实验机的结霜温度区的实验结果无量纲对比性能。研究发现,热泵热水器的对比热水流量m_w是体现变工况性能的极为敏感和重要的参数,只有用m_w和COP相结合,才能全面反映热泵性能。     

Baseline drift effect on the performance of neutron and γ ray discrimination using frequency gradient analysis

Frequency gradient analysis (FGA) effectively discriminates neutrons and γ rays by examining the frequency-domain features of the photomultiplier tube anode signal. This approach is insensitive to noise but is inevitably affected by the baseline drift similar to other pulse shape discrimination methods. The baseline drift effect is attributed to factors such as power line fluctuation, dark current, noise disturbances, hum, and pulse tail in front-end electronics. This effect needs to be elucidated and quantified before the baseline shift can be estimated and removed from the captured signal. Therefore, the effect of baseline shift on the discrimination performance of neutrons and γ rays with organic scintillation detectors using FGA is investigated in this paper. The relationship between the baseline shift and discrimination parameters of FGA is derived and verified by an experimental system consisting of an americium-beryllium source, a BC501A liquid scintillator detector, and a 5 GSample/s 8-bit oscilloscope. The theoretical and experimental results both show that the estimation of the baseline shift is necessary, and the removal of baseline drift from the pulse shapes can improve the discrimination performance of FGA.